Language
Rutul language. Rutul is a language spoken by the Rutuls, an ethnic group living in Dagestan (Russia) and some parts of Azerbaijan. It is spoken by 30,000 people in Dagestan (2010 census) and 17,000 (no date) in Azerbaijan. The word Rutul derives from the name of a Dagestani village where speakers of this language make up the majority. Rutul is endangered in Russia and classified as "definitely endangered" by UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:40
Language
Lak language. Lak (?????????? ??????, lak??u maz) is a Northeast Caucasian language forming its own branch within this family. It is the language of the Lak people from the Russian autonomous republic of Dagestan, where it is one of six standardized languages. It is spoken by about 157,000 people.
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:40
Language
Lezgian language. Lezgin /??l??z??in/, also called Lezgi or Lezgian, is a Northeast Caucasian language. It is spoken by the Lezgins, who live in southern Dagestan (Russia); northern Azerbaijan; and to a much lesser degree Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kazakhstan; Turkey, and other countries. It is a much-written literary language and an official language of Dagestan. It is classified as "vulnerable" by UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:40
Lezgian language. Lezgian, also called Lezgi or Lezgin , is a Northeast Caucasian language. It is spoken by the Lezgins, who live in southern Dagestan (Russia); northern Azerbaijan; and to a much lesser degree Turkmenistan; Uzbekistan; Kazakhstan; Turkey, and other countries. It is a much-written literary language and an official language of Dagestan. It is classified as "vulnerable" by UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger. Geographic distribution In 2002, Lezgian was spoken by about 397,000 people in Russia, mainly Southern Dagestan; in 1999 it was spoken by 178,400 people in mainly the Qusar, Quba, Qabala, Oghuz, Ismailli and Khachmaz provinces of northeastern Azerbaijan. Lezgian is also spoken in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Germany and Uzbekistan by immigrants from Azerbaijan and Dagestan. Some speakers are in the Balikesir, Yalova, ??zmir, Bursa regions of Turkey...
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:38
Lak language. Lak (?????????? ??????, [lak??u maz]) is a Northeast Caucasian language forming its own branch within this family. It is the language of the Lak people from the Russian autonomous republic of Dagestan, where it is one of six standardized languages. It is spoken by about 157,000 people. History In 1864 Russian ethnographer and linguist P. K. Uslar wrote: "Kazikumukh grammar or as I called it for short in the native language, the Lak grammar, Lakku maz, the Lak language, is ready". In 1890, P. K. Uslar compiled a textbook on Lak grammar titled The Lak Language. It stated under the title "Lak alphabet": "The proposed alphabet is written for people who name themselves collectively Lak, genitive Lakral. From among these people each one is named separately Lakkuchu 'Lakian man', the woman ??? Lakkusharssa 'Lakian woman'. Their homeland they name Lakral kIanu ??? 'Lak place'." Lak has throughout the centuries adopted a number...
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:37
Kumyk language. Kumyk (?????????????? ??????, qumuq til, ?????????? ??????) is a Turkic language spoken by about 520,000 people, mainly by the Kumyks, in the Dagestan, North Ossetia and Chechen republics of the Russian Federation. Until the 20th century Kumyk was the lingua franca of the Northern Caucasus. Classification Kumyk language belongs to the Kipchak-Cuman subfamily of the Kipchak family of the Turkic languages. It's a descendant of the Cuman language, with likely influence from the Khazar language, and in addition contains words from the Bulghar and Oghuz substratum. The closest languages to Kumyk are Karachay-Balkar, Crimean Tatar, and Karaim languages. Nikolay Baskakov, based on a 12th-century scripture named Codex Cumanicus, included modern...
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:36
Language
Kumyk language. Kumyk (?????????????? ??????, qumuq til, ???????? ??????) is a Turkic language spoken by about 426,212 people, mainly by the Kumyks, in the Dagestan, North Ossetia and Chechen republics of the Russian Federation. Until the 20th century Kumyk was the lingua-franca of the Northern Caucasus.
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:36
Language
Aghul language. Aghul is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken by the Aghuls in southern Dagestan, Russia and in Azerbaijan. It is spoken by about 29,300 people (2010 census).
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:35
Aghul language. Aghul is a Lezgic language spoken by the Aghuls in southern Dagestan, Russia and in Azerbaijan. It is spoken by about 33,200 people (2020 census). Classification Aghul belongs to the Eastern Samur group of the Lezgic branch of the Northeast Caucasian language family. Geographic distribution In 2002, Aghul was spoken by 28,300 people in Russia, mainly in Southern Dagestan, as well as 32 people in Azerbaijan. Related languages There are nine languages in the Lezgian language family, namely: Aghul, Tabasaran, Rutul, Lezgian, Tsakhur, Budukh, Kryts, Udi and Archi. Phonology Aghul has contrastive epiglottal consonants. Aghul makes, like many Northeast Caucasian languages, a distinction between tense consonants with concomitant length and weak consonants. The tense consonants are characterized...
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:35
Language
Avar language. Avar (???????????????? ????????, Ma??arul mac?? [ma??arul mat??s??], "language of the mountains" or ???????? ????????, Awar mac?? [awar mat??s??], "Avar language"), also known as Avaric, is a Northeast Caucasian language of the Avar???Andic subgroup that is spoken by Avars, primarily in Dagestan. In 2010, there were approximately 1 million speakers in Dagestan and elsewhere in Russia.
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:34
Avar language. Avar (???????????????? ????????, ma??arul mac?? [ma??arul mat??s????], "language of the mountains" or ???????? ????????, awar mac?? [??a??war mat??s????], "Avar language"), also known as Avaric, is a Northeast Caucasian language of the Avar???Andic subgroup that is spoken by Avars, primarily in Dagestan. In 2010, there were approximately one million speakers in Dagestan and elsewhere in Russia. Geographic distribution It is spoken mainly in the western and southern parts of the Russian Caucasus republic of Dagestan, and the Balaken, Zaqatala regions of north-western Azerbaijan. Some Avars...
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:34
Language
Yakut language. Yakut, also known as Yakutian, Sakha, Saqa or Saxa (: ???????? ????????), is a Turkic language spoken by around 450,000 native speakers, primarily the ethnic Yakuts and one of the official languages of Sakha (Yakutia), a federal republic in the Russian Federation.
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:34
Yakut language. Yakut ( y??-KOOT), also known as Yakutian, Sakha, Saqa or Saxa (Yakut: ???????? ????????), is a Turkic language belonging to Siberian Turkic branch and spoken by around 450,000 native speakers, primarily the ethnic Yakuts and one of the official languages of Sakha (Yakutia), a federal republic in the Russian Federation. The Yakut language differs from all other Turkic languages in the presence of a layer of vocabulary of unclear origin (possibly Paleo-Siberian). There is also a large number of words of Mongolian origin related to ancient borrowings, as well as numerous recent borrowings from Russian. Like other Turkic languages and their ancestor Proto-Turkic, Yakut is an agglutinative language and features vowel harmony. Classification Yakut is a member of the Northeastern Common Turkic family of languages...
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:33
Erzya language. The Erzya language (???????????? ????????, e????a?? ke??, pronounced [??er??z??an?? ??k??el??]), also Erzian or historically Arisa, is spoken by approximately 300,000 people in the northern, eastern and north-western parts of the Republic of Mordovia and adjacent regions of Nizhny Novgorod, Chuvashia, Penza, Samara, Saratov, Orenburg, Ulyanovsk, Tatarstan and Bashkortostan in Russia. A diaspora can also be found in Armenia and Estonia, as well as in Kazakhstan and other states of Central Asia. Erzya is currently written using Cyrillic with no modifications to the variant used by the Russian language. In Mordovia, Erzya is co-official with Moksha and Russian. The language belongs to the Mordvinic branch of the Uralic languages. Erzya is a language that is closely related to Moksha but...
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:32
Language
Erzya language. The Erzya language (???????????? ????????, e????a?? ke??, pronounced [??er??z??an?? ??kel??]), also Erzian or historically Arisa, is spoken by approximately 300,000 people in the northern, eastern and north-western parts of the Republic of Mordovia and adjacent regions of Nizhny Novgorod, Chuvashia, Penza, Samara, Saratov, Orenburg, Ulyanovsk, Tatarstan and Bashkortostan in Russia. A diaspora can also be found in Armenia and Estonia, as well as in Kazakhstan and other states of Central Asia. Erzya is currently written using Cyrillic with no modifications to the variant used by the Russian language. In Mordovia, Erzya is co-official with Moksha and Russian.
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:32
Language
Chuvash language. Chuvash (UK: /??t??u??v??????/ CHOO-vahsh, US: /t??????v??????/ chuu-VAHSH; ??????????????, translit. Ch??vashla, IPA: [t??????a????la]) is a Turkic language spoken in European Russia, primarily in the Chuvash Republic and adjacent areas. It is the only surviving member of the Oghur branch of Turkic languages, one of the two principal branches of the Turkic family. The writing system for the Chuvash language is based on the Cyrillic script, employing all of the letters used in the Russian alphabet and adding four letters of its own: ??, ??, ?? and ??.
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:31
Chuvash language. Chuvash (UK: CHOO-vahsh, US: chuu-VAHSH; ??????????????, translit. ????va??la, IPA: [t??????a????la]) is a Turkic language spoken in European Russia, primarily in the Chuvash Republic and adjacent areas. It is the only surviving member of the Oghur branch of Turkic languages, one of the two principal branches of the Turkic family. The writing system for the Chuvash language is based on the Cyrillic script, employing all of the letters used in the Russian alphabet and adding four letters of its own: ??, ??, ?? and ??. Distribution Chuvash is...
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:31
Chechen language. Chechen ( CHETCH-en, ch??-CHEN; ?????????????? ????????, Nox??iyn mott, [??n??xt???????? mu??t]) is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken by approximately 1.8 million people, mostly in the Chechen Republic and by members of the Chechen diaspora throughout Russia and the rest of Europe, Jordan, Austria, Turkey, Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Central Asia (mainly Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan) and Georgia. History Before the Russian conquest, most writings in Chechnya consisted of Islamic texts and clan histories, written usually in Arabic but sometimes also in Chechen using Arabic script. The Chechen literary language was created after the October...
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:30
Language
Chechen language. Chechen (?????????????? ????????, Nox??iyn mott, [??n??xt???????? mu????t]) is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken by 2 million people, mostly in the Chechen Republic and by members of the Chechen diaspora throughout Russia and the rest of Europe, Jordan, Central Asia (mainly Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan) and Georgia.
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:30
Language
Khakas language. Khakas (Also known as Xakas, endonym: ?????????? ????????, khakas t??l??, ?????????? ????????, tadar t??l??) is a Turkic language spoken by the Khakas people, who mainly live in the southwestern Siberian Khakas Republic, in Russia. The Khakas number 73,000, of whom 42,000 speak the Khakas language. Most Khakas speakers are bilingual in Russian.
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:29
Khakas language. Khakas, also known as Xakas, is a Turkic language spoken by the Khakas, who mainly live in the southwestern Siberian Republic of Khakassia, in Russia. The Khakas number 73,000, of whom 42,000 speak the Khakas language. Most Khakas speakers are bilingual in Russian. Traditionally, the Khakas language is divided into several closely related dialects, which take their names from the different tribes: Sagay, Kacha, Koybal, Beltir, and Kyzyl. In fact, these names represent former administrative units rather than tribal or linguistic groups. The people speaking all these dialects simply referred to themselves as ?????????? (Tadar, i.e. Tatar). History and documentation The people who speak the Fuyu Kyrgyz language originated in the Yenisei region of Siberia but were relocated into the Dzungar Khanate by the Dzungars, and then the Qing moved them from Dzungaria to northeastern China in 1761, and the name may...
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:29
Language
Ukrainian language. Ukrainian (native name: ?????????????????????? ??????????, romanized: ukrainska mova, IPA: [??kr????jin??s??k?? ??m??????]) is an East Slavic language of the Indo-European language family. It is the native language of about 40 million people and the official state language of Ukraine in Eastern Europe. Written Ukrainian uses the Ukrainian alphabet, a variant of the Cyrillic script. The standard Ukrainian language is regulated by the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NANU; particularly by its Institute for the Ukrainian Language), the Ukrainian language-information fund, and Potebnia Institute of Linguistics. Comparisons are often drawn to Russian, a prominent Slavic language, but there is more mutual intelligibility with Belarusian, Ukrainian's closest relative.
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:28
Ukrainian language. Ukrainian (???????????????????? ????????, ukrainska mova, IPA: [??kr????jin??s??k?? ??m??????]) is one of the East Slavic languages in the Indo-European languages family, and it is spoken primarily in Ukraine. It is the first (native) language of a large majority of Ukrainians. Written Ukrainian uses the Ukrainian alphabet, a variant of the Cyrillic script. The standard language is studied by the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and Potebnia Institute of Linguistics. Comparisons are often made between Ukrainian and Russian, another East Slavic language, yet there is more mutual intelligibility with Belarusian, and a closer lexical distance to West Slavic Polish and South Slavic Bulgarian. Ukrainian is a descendant of Old East Slavic, a language...
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:28
Language
Udmurt language. Udmurt is a Permic language spoken by the Udmurt people who are native to Udmurtia. As a Uralic language, it is distantly related to languages such as Finnish, Estonian, Mansi, Khanty, and Hungarian. The Udmurt language is co-official with Russian within Udmurtia.
wikidata.org 0 views · 2024-12-26 21:53:26
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