natural language
Crimean Tatar. Crimean Tatar, also called Crimean, is a Turkic language spoken in Crimea and the Crimean Tatar diasporas of Uzbekistan, Romania, Turkey and Bulgaria, as well as small communities in the United States and Canada. It should not be confused with Tatar, spoken in Tatarstan and adjacent regions in Russia; Crimean Tatar has been extensively influenced by nearby Oghuz languages and is mutually intelligible with them to varying degrees.
modern_languagenatural_languageBulgariaRomaniaRussiaTurkeyUkraineUzbekistan
wikidata.org 2 views · 2w ago
Ingush. Ingush is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken by about 350,000 people, known as the Ingush, across a region covering the Russian republics of Ingushetia, Chechnya, North Ossetia, as well as the countries of Turkey, Kazakhstan, Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, and others.
modern_languagenatural_languageRussia
wikidata.org 4 views · 2w ago
Southern Altai. Southern Altai is a Turkic language spoken in the Altai Republic, a federal subject of Russia located in Southern Siberia on the border with Mongolia and China. The language has some mutual intelligibility with the Northern Altai language, leading to the two being traditionally considered as a single language. According to modern classifications???at least since the middle of the 20th century???they are considered to be two separate languages.
modern_languagenatural_languageRussia
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Tatar. Tatar is a Turkic language spoken by the Tatars mainly located in modern Republic of Tatarstan, wider Volga-Ural region, as well as many other regions of Russia. Tatar belongs to the Kipchak branch of Turkic languages, the same branch as Bashkir, Kazakh, Nogai and Kyrgyz.
modern_languagenatural_languageAustraliaChinaFinlandPolandRomaniaRussiaTurkeyUnited States
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Language
Abaza. Abaza is a Northwest Caucasian language spoken by Abazins in Russia. The language has gone through several different orthographies based primarily on Latin and Cyrillic letters. Its consonant-to-vowel ratio is remarkably high; making it quite similar to many other languages from the same parent chain. The language evolved in popularity in the mid to late 1800s, but has become an endangered language.
modern_languagenatural_languageRussiaTurkey
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Adyghe. Adyghe, also known as West Circassian, is a Northwest Caucasian language spoken by the western subgroups of Circassians. Native to Circassia in the Caucasus, it is one of the two official languages of Adygea, the other being Russian. It is spoken in Russia, but mainly in Turkey, Jordan, Syria, Iraq and Israel, where Circassians settled after the Circassian genocide by the Russian Empire. Adyghe literary language is mainly based on the Chemguy dialect, which was chosen for its grammatical and phonological simplicity, though there was significant input from Shapsug and Bzhedug dialects.
modern_languagenatural_languageJordanRussiaSyriaTurkey
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Avar. Avar, also known as Avaric, is a Northeast Caucasian language of the Avar???Andic subgroup that is spoken by Avars, primarily in Dagestan. In 2010, there were approximately one million speakers in Dagestan and elsewhere in Russia.
modern_languagenatural_languageAzerbaijanGeorgiaRussia
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Erzya. The Erzya language, also Erzian or historically Arisa, is spoken by approximately 300,000 people in the northern, eastern and north-western parts of the Republic of Mordovia and adjacent regions of Nizhny Novgorod, Chuvashia, Penza, Samara, Saratov, Orenburg, Ulyanovsk, Tatarstan and Bashkortostan in Russia. A diaspora can also be found in Armenia and Estonia, as well as in Kazakhstan and other states of Central Asia. Erzya is currently written using Cyrillic with no modifications to the variant used by the Russian language. In Mordovia, Erzya is co-official with Moksha and Russian.
modern_languagenatural_languageRussia
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Dargwa. Dargwa is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken by the Dargin people in the Russian republic Dagestan. This article discusses the literary dialect of the dialect continuum constituting the Dargin languages. It is based on the Aqusha and Urakhi dialects of Northern Dargin.
modern_languagenatural_languagestandard_languageRussia
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Moksha. Moksha is a Mordvinic language of the Uralic family, spoken by Mokshas, with around 130,000 native speakers in 2010. Moksha is the majority language in the western part of Mordovia. Its closest relative is the Erzya language, with which it is not mutually intelligible. Moksha is also possibly closely related to the extinct Meshcherian and Muromian languages.
modern_languagenatural_languageRussia
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Bashkir. Bashkir or Bashkort is a Turkic language belonging to the Kipchak branch. It is co-official with Russian in Bashkortostan. It is spoken by approximately 1.6 million native speakers in Russia, as well as in Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Estonia, and other neighboring post-Soviet states, and among the Bashkir diaspora. It has three dialect groups: Southern, Eastern, and Northwestern.
language2modern_languagenatural_languageEstoniaKazakhstanRussiaUkraine
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Buryat. Buryat or Buriat, known in foreign sources as the Bargu-Buryat dialect of Mongolian, and in pre-1956 Soviet sources as Buryat-Mongolian, is a variety of the Mongolic languages spoken by the Buryats and Bargas that is classified either as a language or major dialect group of Mongolian.
macrolanguagemodern_languagenatural_languageChinaMongoliaRussia
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Mirandese. Mirandese is an almost extinct language or variety that is sparsely spoken in a small area of northeastern Portugal in eastern Tierra de Miranda, an ethnocultural region comprising the area around the municipalities of Miranda de l Douro, Mogadouro and Bumioso. It is extinct in Mogadouro and present in Bumioso only in some eastern villages, like Angueira. The Assembly of the Republic granted Mirandese official recognition alongside Portuguese for local matters with Law 7/99 of 29 January 1999. In 2001, Mirandese was officially recognised by the European Bureau for Lesser-Used Languages, which aims to promote the survival of the least-spoken European languages.
modern_languagenatural_languagePortugal
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Kashubian. Kashubian or Cassubian is a West Slavic language belonging to the Lechitic subgroup.
modern_languagenatural_languageCanadaPolandUnited States
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Language
Palauan. Palauan is a Malayo-Polynesian language native to the Republic of Palau, where it is one of the two official languages, alongside English. It is widely used in day-to-day life in the country. Palauan is not closely related to other Malayo-Polynesian languages and its exact classification within the family is unclear.
modern_languagenatural_languagePalauUnited States
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Polish. Polish is a West Slavic language of the Lechitic subgroup, within the Indo-European language family, and is written in the Latin script. It is primarily spoken in Poland and serves as the official language of the country, as well as the language of the Polish diaspora around the world. In 2024, there were over 39.7 million Polish native speakers. It ranks as the sixth-most-spoken among languages of the European Union. Polish is subdivided into regional dialects. It maintains strict T???V distinction, obligatory honorifics, and other formalities when addressing individuals.
modern_languagenatural_languagePoland
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Romanian. Romanian is the official and main language of Romania and Moldova. Romanian is part of the Eastern Romance sub-branch of Romance languages, a linguistic group that evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin which separated from the Western Romance languages in the course of the period from the 5th to the 8th centuries. To distinguish it within the Eastern Romance languages, in comparative linguistics it is called Daco-Romanian as opposed to its closest relatives, Aromanian, Megleno-Romanian, and Istro-Romanian. It is also spoken as a minority language by stable communities in the countries surrounding Romania, and by the large Romanian diaspora. In total, it is spoken by 22 million people as a first language.
modern_languagenatural_languageMoldovaRomaniaSerbiaUkraine
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Khakas. Khakas, also known as Xakas, is a Turkic language spoken by the Khakas, who mainly live in the southwestern Siberian Republic of Khakassia, in Russia. The Khakas number 61,000, of whom 29,000 speak the Khakas language. Most Khakas speakers are bilingual in Russian.
modern_languagenatural_languageRussia
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Maltese. Maltese is a Central Semitic language derived from late medieval Sicilian Arabic with Romance superstrata. It is the only Semitic language officially written in the Latin script. It is spoken by the Maltese people and is a national language of Malta, and is the only official Semitic and Afroasiatic language of the European Union. The pioneering Maltese linguists Canon Giovanni Pietro Francesco Agius de Soldanis and Mikiel Anton Vassalli both mistakenly hypothesised that Maltese originated from the Punic language. Later scholars like John L. Hayes, considered it to be descended from a North African dialect of Colloquial Arabic which was introduced to Malta when the Aghlabids captured it in the 9th century. However, genetic studies and historical evidence have established that Malta was depopulated after that raid, and that the island was subsequently repopulated by settlers from Sicily and Calabria who spoke Siculo-Arabic, which had developed as a Maghrebi Arabic dialect in the Emirate of Sicily between 831 an
modern_languagenatural_languageAustraliaCanadaMaltaUnited KingdomUnited States
wikidata.org 2 views · 2w ago
West Frisian. West Frisian, or simply Frisian, is a West Germanic language spoken mostly in the province of Friesland in the north of the Netherlands, mostly by those of Frisian ancestry. It is the most widely spoken of the Frisian languages.
modern_languagenatural_languageNetherlands
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Papiamento. Papiamento, or Papiamentu, is a Portuguese-based creole language spoken in the Dutch Caribbean. It is the most widely spoken language on Aruba, Bonaire, and Cura??ao.
language2modern_languagenatural_language
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Tuvan. Tuvan, also spelt Tyvan, is a Turkic language spoken in the Republic of Tuva in South Central Siberia, Russia. There are small groups of Tuvans that speak distinct dialects of Tuvan in China and Mongolia.
modern_languagenatural_languageChinaMongoliaRussia
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Italian. Italian is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family. It is a standardised form of literary Florentine Tuscan and, together with Sardinian, is the least differentiated language from Latin. Current estimates indicate that between 68 and 85 million people speak Italian, including approximately 64 million native speakers as of 2024.
modern_languagenatural_languageAlbaniaCroatiaEritreaEthiopiaGreeceItalyLibyaSan MarinoSloveniaSomaliaSwitzerlandVatican City
wikidata.org 3 views · 2w ago
Irish. Irish, also known as Irish Gaelic or simply Gaelic, is a Celtic language within the Indo-European language family native to the Irish people and indigenous to the island of Ireland. It was the first language of the majority of the population until the 19th century, when English gradually became dominant, particularly in the last decades of the century, in what is sometimes characterised as a result of linguistic imperialism.
modern_languagenatural_languageIrelandUnited Kingdom
wikidata.org 2 views · 2w ago
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