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.ad is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Andorra. It is administered by Andorra Telecom. Because .ad is also an abbreviation for the word advertisement or advert, .ad has also been used in an unconventional manner as a domain hack by some advertising media.

.ae is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) in the Domain Name System of the Internet for the United Arab Emirates. It is administered by .aeDA which is part of the Telecommunications and Digital Government Regulatory Authority of UAE (TDRA). The internationalized country code top-level domain in the Arabic alphabet of the UAE is ????????????., which is represented as .xn--mgbaam7a8h in Punycode.

.af is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Afghanistan. It is administered by AFGNIC, a service of the UNDP. As of 26 August 2020, .af was used by 5960 domains. Registration is made directly at the second level, or on the third level beneath various categorized subdomains at the second level. Third-level domains have restrictions based on which second-level domain they are registered under. Registration on the second level is unrestricted, but more expensive. All fees are higher for international registrants.

.ag is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Antigua and Barbuda.

.al is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Albania. It is administered by the Electronic and Postal Communications Authority of Albania (AKEP). AKEP recommends that .al domain registrations be performed with one of the AKEP accredited registrars. There are also international registrars that resell .al domains. Domain names should be between 2 and 63 characters. Although the Albanian language has a number of special characters, the registry has not enabled the use of IDN characters.

.am is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Armenia.

.aq is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Antarctica (itself not a country). It is reserved for organizations that work in Antarctica or promote the Antarctic and Southern Ocean regions. It is administered by Peter Mott of Antarctica Network Information Centre Limited from Christchurch, New Zealand.

.ar is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Argentina. It is administered by NIC Argentina. Registering an .ar domain (like website.ar) directly is now allowed. Previously, only 9 of the second-level domains listed below were open for registration, and a local presence in Argentina was required. Recently the extension has become synonymous with Augmented Reality and is being by many prominent AR and XR startups.

.at is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Austria. It is administered by nic.at.

.au is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Australia. It was created on 5 March 1986. Domain name policy is managed by .au Domain Administration (auDA). As of July 2018, the registry is operated by Afilias.

.aw is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Aruba. It is administered by SETAR.

.az is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Azerbaijan. It is administered by Azerbaijani Communications.

.ba is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is administered by the University Teleinformation Center.

.??????????????? (romanized as .bangla) is a secondary Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Bangladesh. This domain is meant for web addresses in the Bengali language. ??????????????? is transliterated to bangla, but the web addresses will end in ???????????????. It is administered by the Ministry of Posts, Telecommunications and Information Technology. .bd is the primary Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Bangladesh. .??????????????? was introduced in 2011 but delegated to the Bangladesh Telecommunications Company in 2016, meaning that the process of defining sub domains could start.

.bb is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Barbados. The .bb top-level domain has been maintained by several administrators since its creation, the first of which being the University of Puerto Rico. In 1996, the Government of Barbados sought the relegation of .bb to the incumbent local exchange carrier, Cable & Wireless (BARTEL) Ltd. In November 2007, .bb was again relegated to the Telecoms Unit within the Government of Barbados.

.bd is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Bangladesh. It is administered by the Ministry of Posts, Telecommunications and Information Technology. Registrations are at the third level beneath several second-level labels, paralleling the oldest gTLDs; registration is open except in the gov and mil subdomains, which are limited to authorized entities in the Bangladesh government. Though online registration facility available for .bd domains, but not directly. It should follow the structure like - example.com.bd, example.net.bd. example.ac.bd etc.

.be is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Belgium. The domain became active in 1989 and was administrated by Pierre Verbaeten of the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. In 2000, the control of the TLD was transferred to DNS Belgium. As of June 2013 there are 1,392,477 registered domains. Domain names are registered directly at second level. Any .be registration has to be ordered via a registered agent. The domain has also been in use as a logo for the federal government since 2003. YouTube also uses the domain hack youtu.be for their URL shortening service.

.bg is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) in the Domain Name System of the Internet for Bulgaria. It is currently operated by . The domain name registration guideline impose the following restrictions: Domains can be registered by companies or citizens of the European Union, or foreign companies that have registered branches or commercial representatives in Bulgaria. The price of domain registration is ???30 per year (???36 including VAT). The domain has been enabled with Domain Name System Security Extensions (DNSSEC) since October 2007.

.bh is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Bahrain. It is administered by the Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of Bahrain.

.bn is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Brunei. It is administered by BNNIC, a unit under the Authority for Info-communications Technology Industry. There are currently two registrars: Imagine and DST.

.bo is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Bolivia. BO is the ISO 3166-1 code for Bolivia. It is administered by ADSIB. As of February 2011, the NIC was offering a registration fee of about US$40 per year or 280 $Bs for third-level domain and US$140 per year or 980 $Bs for second level domain.Registration is at the second or third level. Brazilian TV Globo has also used this domain for shortener with the glo.bo URL.

.br is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Brazil. It was administered by the Brazilian Internet Steering Committee (Comit?? Gestor da Internet no Brasil) until 2005 when it started being administered by Brazilian Network Information Center (N??cleo de Informa????o e Coordena????o do Ponto br). A local contact is required for any registration. Registrations of domain names with Portuguese characters are also accepted.

.bs is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Bahamas. It is administered by the University of the Bahamas.

.bt is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Kingdom of Bhutan. It is administered by the Ministry of Information and Communication.

.by is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Belarus. It is administered by the Operations and Analysis Centre under the President of the Republic of Belarus (????????????????????-?????????????????????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????????????? ???????????????????? ????????????????). The BY code originates from the ISO code for Byelorussia, the former name of the country. The ccTLD was created for Belarus on 10 May 1994.

.bz is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Belize. It is administered by the University of Belize. At one point, .bz domains were being marketed by an American company as standing for "business", and that company took legal action against ICANN in an attempt to block the .biz domain as "unfair competition". Currently, the registry is in Belize, but is still marketing the domain outside the country as "meaning business". Internationalized domains with a wide assortment of non-ASCII characters are also available.

.ca is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Canada. The domain name registry that operates it is the Canadian Internet Registration Authority (CIRA). Registrants can register domains at the second level (e.g., example.ca). Third-level registrations in one of the geographic third-level domains defined by the registry (e.g. example.ab.ca) were discontinued on October 12, 2010, but existing third-level domain names continue to be supported.

.cat (pronounced in Catalan: punt cat [??pu?? ??kat]) is a sponsored top-level domain intended to be used to highlight the Catalan language. Its policy has been developed by ICANN and Fundaci?? puntCAT. It was approved in September 2005.

.ch is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Switzerland in the Domain Name System of the Internet. Made available in 1987, only two years after .com, it is administered by SWITCH Information Technology Services. The domain ch, as with other ccTLDs, is based on the ISO 3166-2 code for Switzerland derived from Confoederatio Helvetica (Helvetic Confederation), the Latin name for the country, which was used because of its neutrality with regard to the four official languages of Switzerland. Registrations of internationalized domain names have been accepted since March 2004.

.ck is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Cook Islands. Registrations are within these second-level categories: * .co.ck: business organizations * .org.ck: not-for-profit organizations * .edu.ck: educational institutions * .gov.ck: government agencies * .net.ck: Internet Service Providers * .gen.ck: * .biz.ck: Business related pages for the Cook Islands * .info.ck: Information pages relating to the Cook Islands

.cl is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Chile. It was created in 1987 and is administered by the University of Chile. Registration of second-level domains under this TLD is open to anyone, as established by the current regulation for the operation of the Domain Name Registration .CL since December 2013,which eliminated the requirement for foreign registrants to have a local contact with a RUN, the Chilean national identification number. Registration of names including accented letters (??, ??, ??, ??, ??), ?? and ?? was opened up in 2005. Since April 2011, it supports DNSSEC.

.cn is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the People's Republic of China introduced on 28 November 1990. Domain name administration in mainland China is managed through a branch of the Ministry of Industry and Information. The registry is maintained by China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC). Entities connected to Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan often use .hk, .mo, .tw respectively, despite their corresponding second-level domains under .cn available for those regions. The Chinese script internationalized country codes are ".??????" (Simplified Chinese) and ".??????" (Traditional Chinese): both have been reserved but the former is more in line with present-day mainland Chinese orthography.

.co is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) assigned to Colombia. It is administered by .CO Internet S.A.S., a subsidiary of Neustar since 2014. As of July 10, 2010, there were no registration restrictions on second-level .co domains; any individual or entity in the world can register a .co domain.

.cr is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) of Costa Rica.

.cu is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Cuba.

.cw is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Cura??ao. It was created following the decision on December 15, 2010 by the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency to allocate CW as the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code for Cura??ao. This decision followed Cura??ao's new status as an autonomous country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands on October 10, 2010. The University of Cura??ao, which already was the sponsor for .an was designated as the sponsoring organization. Registration of .cw domains was available from 1 February 2012.

.cy is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Cyprus. Some restrictions exist for various subdomains, but .com.cy is unrestricted to Cypriot entities.

.cz is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Czech Republic. It is administered by CZ.NIC. Registrations must be ordered via accredited domain name registrars. Until Czechoslovakia was dissolved in 1993, it used the domain .cs. The maximum domain name length permitted is 63 characters, which may only be alphanumeric or the hyphen (-). Hyphens are restricted in that they may not be the first or last character, neither may they appear consecutively. As of 2013, there are six domains which use the maximum of 63 characters.

.de is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Federal Republic of Germany. DENIC (the Network Information Centre responsible for .de domains) does not require specific second-level domains, and there are no official ccSLDs under .de ccTLD, as it is the case with the .uk domain range which until 2014 required .co.uk domain for example. The name is based on the first two letters of the German name for Germany (Deutschland). Prior to 1990, East Germany had a separate ISO 3166-1 code (dd), and had never delegated a ccTLD, .dd.

.dk is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Denmark. The supervision of the .dk top-level domain is handled exclusively by DK Hostmaster. Any new .dk domain name has to be applied for via an approved registrar. Then the domain name applicant can ask the registrar to manage their domain name or have it managed directly by the DK Hostmaster. Registrations of domain names with the characters ??, ??, ??, ??, ??, ??, ??, and ??? are also allowed.

.dm is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Commonwealth of Dominica in the eastern Caribbean. Registrants of a second-level .dm domain get the corresponding third-level names within .com.dm, .net.dm and .org.dm automatically included. There are no restrictions on who can register these names, but they are not very heavily used. One example of a ".dm" web property is a URL shortener, play.dm, used exclusively by Playdom, which is an example of domain hacking.

.do is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Dominican Republic. The Network Information Center .do has administered the domain since 1991.

.ec is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Ecuador.

.ee is the internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) of Estonia, operated by the Estonian Internet Foundation.

.eg is the Latin alphabet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Egypt. Any entity who wants to register a domain name ending with .eg must have a local representative or the domain name has to be hosted on Egyptian DNS servers. Egypt's Arabic alphabet ccTLD is <a href="/wiki/.%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1" class="mw-redirect" title=".??????">.??????</a>???.

Western Sahara is a disputed territory, and as such it has no country code top-level domain (ccTLD). .eh is reserved for this purpose, and will be assigned if the Western Sahara conflict results in an agreement between the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic and Morocco. IANA has not designated a ccTLD manager for the .eh domain.

.er is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Eritrea.

.et is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Ethiopia. Registrars offer second- and third-level domains. Ethio Telecom, the state-owned telecommunication services provider of Ethiopia, is the registry operator of the domain, and is supported by the registry system developed by ZDNS, an internet infrastructure service provider from China.

.eu is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the European Union (EU). Launched on 7 December 2005, the domain is available for any person, company or organization based in the European Union. This was extended to the European Economic Area in 2014, after the regulation was incorporated into the EEA Agreement, and hence is also available for any person, company or organization based in Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway. The TLD is administered by EURid, a consortium originally consisting of the national ccTLD registry operators of Belgium, Sweden, and Italy, joined later by the national registry operator of the Czech Republic. Trademark owners were able to submit registrations through a sunrise period, in an effort to prevent cybersquatting. Full registration started on 7 April 2006

.fi is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Finland. It is operated by TRAFICOM, the Finnish Transport and Communications Agency. On 4 December 1986, an application to register a top-level domain for Finland was sent by the Finnish Unix Users Group from Tampere. The application was accepted and the administration of .fi TLD was granted to Tampere University of Technology. Later the administration was transferred first to FICIX and later to TRAFICOM. FICORA began supporting Domain Name System Security (DNSSEC) on .fi domain names in late 2010.

.fj is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Fiji. Domain names can not be registered directly under .fj, but must be registered as a third level name. The .fj TLD was registered in 1992 and is currently administered by The University of the South Pacific IT Services.

.fm is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Federated States of Micronesia, an independent island nation located in the Pacific Ocean. Except for reserved names like .com.fm, .net.fm, .org.fm and others, any person in the world can register a .fm domain for a fee, much of the income from which goes to the government and people of the islands. The domain name is popular (and thus economically valuable) for FM radio stations and streaming audio websites (other similar ccTLDs are .am, .tv, .cd, .dj and .mu); a notable example is Last.fm, a social music website.

.frl is the Internet top-level domain for Friesland. frl domain names are issued by FRLregistry B.V., which is responsible for the top-level domain '.frl'. On September 1, 2014, the delegation took place and .frl was established. On September 2 the first .frl domain nic.frl went online.

.gb is a reserved Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the United Kingdom. The domain was introduced with RFC 920 in October 1984 that set out the creation of ccTLD generally using country codes derived from the corresponding two-letter code in the ISO 3166-1 list. However, the .uk domain had been created separately a few months before the compilation of this list. Consequently, .gb was never widely used. It is no longer possible to register under this domain.

.gd is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Grenada.

.ge is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Georgia. .ge top-level domain names are available for direct registration for individuals and companies worldwide, without any restriction on citizenship or residence. Second-level domain names are also available for registration for several specific types of registrants:

.gf is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for French Guiana. It is delegated to the ISP Canal+ Telecom.

.gi is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Gibraltar, a British Overseas Territory.

.gm is the country code top-level domain (CCTLD) of The Gambia.

.gn is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Guinea. A local contact is required to register a domain name under .gn.

The domain name gov is a sponsored top-level domain (sTLD) in the Domain Name System of the Internet. The name is derived from the word government, indicating its restricted use by government entities. The TLD is administered by the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), a component of the United States Department of Homeland Security. .gov domains are registered at dotgov.gov.

.gq is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Equatorial Guinea. Freenom relaunched the TLD on October 1, 2014, and domains became available for free on January 1, 2015. The .gq registry allows the creation of emoji domain names.

.gr is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Greece. Registrations are processed via accredited registrars and domain names in Greek characters may also be registered.

.gt is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Guatemala.As from 29 May 2012, .gt second level registrations are available.

.gw is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Guinea-Bissau. The .gw country code top-level domain was delegated multiple times to different entities. The domain was introduced to the root zone on 4 February 1997, and management of it was most recently delegated by IANA to ARN (Autoridade Reguladora Nacional ??? Tecnologias de Informa????o e Comunica????o da Guin??-Bissau) on 10 July 2014. The .gw domain name was launched to public registration in November 2014 with the technical help of Associa????o DNS.PT (Registry of .PT ccTLD).

.gy is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Guyana. It is administered and managed by the Centre for Information Technology in the University of Guyana.

.hk is the designated Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Hong Kong. It is administered by the Hong Kong Internet Registration Corporation (HKIRC), the only organization endorsed by the Hong Kong Government to undertake the administration of 'hk' domain names. Hong Kong Internet Registration Corporation (HKIRC) is a non-profit making, non-statutory, member-based corporation established in 2001.

.hn is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Honduras.

.hr is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Croatia.

.ht is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Haiti. ht is also the language code for Haitian Creole, Krey??l Ayisyen.

.hu is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Hungary. Registrations are processed via accredited registrars.

.id is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Indonesia. It is managed by the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology of the Republic of Indonesia.

.ie is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) which corresponds with the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code for Ireland. The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) list the Computing Services Computer Centre of University College Dublin as its sponsoring organisation for the .ie domain. Since 2000 the business of administrating the domain registry has been handled by IE Domain Registry Limited. Domain name registration is open to individuals located in, or with a significant connection with, any part of the island of Ireland.

.il is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) of Israel, administered by the Israel Internet Association and managed by NIC - ISRAEL, which hosts the DNS root server and manages the Israeli Internet Exchange, that supports IPv4 and IPv6. The .il top-level domain is one of the earliest registered ccTLDs. When Israel registered it, on 24 October 1985, it was the third registration of any ccTLD, after .us and .uk, which were registered earlier that year. As of 10 June 2014 there are 227,066 domain names registered under the .il ccTLD in Israel.

.in is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for India. It was made available in 1989, four years after original generic top-level domains such as .com, .net and the country code like .us. It is currently administered by the National Internet Exchange of India (NIXI).

.iq is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Iraq. This domain was in limbo for several years, as the delegated manager was imprisoned in Texas on charges of alleged connections to Hamas (a State Department designated terrorist organization), for which he was later convicted in 2005. Some talk of redelegation and relaunching began taking place at the time of the 2003 invasion of Iraq, and in 2005 a redelegation to the National Communications and Media Commission of Iraq was approved by ICANN. Registrations are within these categories:

.ir is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Iran. It is managed by the Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences.

.is (dot is) is the top-level domain for Iceland. The country code is derived from the first two letters of ??sland, which is the Icelandic word for Iceland. Registration of .is domains is open to all people and companies without any special restriction. The first .is domain, hi.is, is the domain of H??sk??li ??slands (University of Iceland). It was registered on December 11, 1986, making it one of the earliest ever domain registrations on the Internet. As of October 2016, .is domains can be registered for up to five years.

.jm is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Jamaica. Registrations are at the third level beneath the second level names com.jm, net.jm, org.jm, edu.jm, gov.jm, and mil.jm. Registrations are processed by hand rather than automatically, so registrants are asked to allow 30 days for the registrations to be completed. Updates to domain names (such as changes to nameservers) can only be authorized by the technical or registrant e-mail addresses. Registration of .jm domains is handled by Mona Information Technology Services (MITS) at the University of the West Indies. Registration is free, although there has been some discussion about MITS making the service commercial in the coming years.

.jo is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Jordan. A local contact is required to register a domain name under .jo. It used to be administered by the NITC and is now administered by Jordan's Ministry of Digital Economy and Entrepreneurship. Jordan also has an internationalized country code top-level domain, ????????????.

The web address suffix .jp is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Japan. It was established in 1986 and is administered by the Japan Registry Services.

.ke is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Kenya.

.kg is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Kyrgyzstan. Although registrations are normally at the second level, there are some specialized third-level registrations such as those under gov.kg and mil.kg.

.kh is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Kingdom of Cambodia. It was formerly administered by the Ministry of Post and Telecommunications of Cambodia from 1997. In September 2012, the domain name was transferred to the Telecommunication Regulator of Cambodia, which currently administers it. The domain name is named after the majority ethnic group of Cambodia, the Khmer people. Only Cambodia-registered companies, government agencies, organisations and Cambodian citizens can register domain names.

.ki is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Kiribati. From the early 1990s to the early 2000s the domain was managed on behalf of the Republic of Kiribati by Connect.com.au, an Australian ISP, with the Pacific Islands Forum Fisheries Agency, based in Honiara, Solomon Islands as original sponsor, then transferred to the Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources Development of Kiribati and finally to the Ministry of Communications, Transport, and Tourism Development. In 2002 direct management of the ccTLD was transferred to Telecom Services Kiribati Limited. This initial set up was done by . As of 2007, the registry is being handled by the using a system of multiple registrars similar to that used by gTLDs; however, few sites are using .ki domains. Because of the location

.kn is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Saint Kitts and Nevis. It is administered by the University of Puerto Rico, Central Administration. Recently, .kn has been opened for global registration. The current registration fee for 2 years is US$225.

.kp is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK). It was created on 24 September 2007.

.kr is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Republic of Korea (South Korea). Registrations are processed via registration agents. From September 2006, it became possible to register domain names directly under .kr (although this is currently only possible for internationalized domain names). Trademark holders and public bodies benefited from an "early registration period", after which the owners of .kr third-level domains had priority to get the corresponding second-level domains. 1. Sunrise I (18 September???20 November 2006) * Governmental Bodies only

.kw is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Kuwait. Domain registrations are at the third level beneath these names: * com.kw: Commercial entities with a valid commercial license from the Ministry of Commerce and Industry. * ind.kw: An individual who is not a minor and holds Kuwaiti nationality or a resident who holds a valid residence in the State of Kuwait. * net.kw: ICT licensed company from the respective authorities in the State of Kuwait. * org.kw: A non-profit entity licensed by the concerned authorities in the State of Kuwait to operate. * gov.kw: Ministries & Government entities. * emb.kw: Embassies of other countries in Kuwait. * edu.kw: An educational entity licensed by the concerned authorities in the State of Kuwait to operate. * .kw: special requests

.kz is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Kazakhstan. Registrations can be made directly at the second level or at the third level beneath categories which have specific restrictions, and are generally limited to Kazakhstan-related entities.

.la is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Laos. Although the .la domain is officially assigned to the country of Laos, subdomains have been delegated to some organizations outside Laos.

.lb is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Lebanon. The official registration rules say that it is necessary to have a Lebanese trademark certificate for the exact name being registered (omitting the TLD and second-level label the name is being registered within) and the trademark owner must be a Lebanese entity.

.lc is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Saint Lucia, sponsored by the University of Puerto Rico and created on September 3, 1991. The registry is operated by Afilias and markets towards companies structured as LCs, LLCs or PLCs due to the possibility of a domain hack, such as CompanyName.L.LC (companyname.l.lc uses the open SLD l.lc) and supposedly better names.

.li is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Liechtenstein. The .li TLD was created in 1993. The domain is sponsored and administered by the University of Liechtenstein in Vaduz. Registration of .li domain names used to be managed by SWITCH, administrator of Switzerland's .ch ccTLD. In February 2013, SWITCH discontinued its .li registration service for private customers, delegating it to a number of recognized partner firms.

.lk is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Sri Lanka. Foreign companies who do not have a local presence can only reserve their top-level and corresponding open second-level domains (either through the LK Domain Registry or agents). In order to register and use a name they must have a contact address in Sri Lanka (which may be obtained through an agent or law firm).

.lr is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Liberia. The registration is limited to those with a local presence and intent to use the domain. Registration in LR requires specific second-level domains (COM.LR, ORG.LR, NET.LR, etc.). For the only point of registration of LR domains, see Domain registration website.

.ls is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Lesotho.

.lt is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Lithuania. In 1992 on June 3, with the help of the Norwegian government, the .lt top-level domain was established on the Internet at the request of the University of Oslo. Not long after, the establishment of the top-level .lt domain in 1993. The first second-level domains mii.lt, ktu.lt, vu.lt were registered. At that time, only the academic community, state institutions and companies could have Internet addresses. In 1994 domain administration from Oslo University was transferred to Kaunas University of Technology.

.lu is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Luxembourg. .lu domains are administered by RESTENA. Since 1 February 2010, the administrative contact no longer needs to be based in Luxembourg.

.lv is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Latvia. It was introduced on 29 April 1993, two years after the country's independence. Registration is permitted at the second level, and this is the form of registration currently encouraged by the registry; however, registrations are also accepted at the third level beneath a number of subdomains: The gambling site Bovada, formerly known as Bodog, moved to an .lv domain after the United States Department of Homeland Security confiscated its former domain, bodog.com, in 2012. Internationalized domain names may also be registered.

.mc is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Principality of Monaco.

.md is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Moldova introduced on March 24, 1994. The price of domain registration is 450 lei or US$39 (including VAT) per year. The TLD is currently administered by STISC (Service for Information Technology and Cyber Security); before being merged into STISC, the Moldovan state company MoldData had an exclusive agreement to administer and distribute domain names within the .MD domain.

.me is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Montenegro. The .me registry is operated by doMEn, which won a contract to do so after a bid process conducted by the government of Montenegro and was launched through various accredited registrars around the world.

.mg is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Republic of Madagascar.

.mh is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Marshall Islands. Its registry website has been inactive since the end of 2021, and prior to that had not been updated since 1997. The mechanism of registering domains listed on that site involved downloading an InterNIC template form that had been a dead link for at least several years. As of 2021, a search shows three active websites using a .mh domain: one for the government's Natural Disaster Management Office, one for the school system, and one for a telecommunications company. The latter has two separate .mh domains, though both serve the same website.

The domain name mil is the sponsored top-level domain (sTLD) in the Domain Name System of the Internet for the United States Department of Defense and its subsidiary or affiliated organizations. The name is derived from military. It was one of the first top-level domains, created in January 1985. The United States Coast Guard, like other military services, uses the mil domain, although during statutory peacetime the service falls under the United States Department of Homeland Security.

.mk is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Republic of North Macedonia. It is administered by the Macedonian Academic Research Network (MARnet).

.mm is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Myanmar. It was assigned in 1997. Before 1989, the ISO 3166 alpha-2 code for Burma was BU, but no .bu ccTLD was assigned. On 12 June 2011, the ISO 3166-1 code for Myanmar changed to reflect the MM used for the ccTLD.

.mn is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Mongolia. It is administered by . The domain name is composed of the consonants in the first syllable of the country name. The .MN registry is operated under the model. Administrative, Billing, Technical and Registrant contacts are required. The Redemption Grace Period (RGP) is available for .MN domains. The following second-level domains registration for free to qualifying entities: * .gov.mn ??? government institutions * .edu.mn ??? educational institutions * .org.mn ??? non-profit organizations

.mo is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Macau, China. The registry for this domain name is operated by the Macao Network Information Centre (MONIC). Operated by the University of Macau since 1992, MONIC administers the registration of the country-code domain names ccTLD. To further promote the development of services, the Government of Macau changed the operation entity of MONIC. Effective from 12 March 2011, HNET Asia Limited appointed by the Macau government, is responsible for operating MONIC.

.mt is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Malta.

.mu is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Mauritius. It is administered by the and registrations are processed via accredited registrars. Some registrars market it as the .music and .museum TLD.

.mv is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Republic of Maldives. It is administered by Dhiraagu Pvt Ltd, a telecommunications company. Mainly due to the unavailability of an online registration service, a whois lookup and large maintenance cost, the Maldivian ccTLD is used predominantly by government agencies and large businesses. Smaller companies and organizations prefer generic TLDs such as .com and .net.

.mw is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Malawi. After initial delegation, in 2002 the IANA recommended that administration of the ccTLD be transferred to the from . The recommendation was implemented. Prices for .mw domains are US$100 for the first two years, followed by $50 per year thereafter.

.mx is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Mexico, which in 2009 was re-opened to new registrations by NIC M??xico. In 2009, the .mx ccTLD was rolled out in three steps: * Sunrise period from 1 May to 31 July 2009, waiting period, registrants who have already registered any other .MX second-level domain were able to register their domain for one year * Waiting period from 1 August to 31 August 2009, to set up the domains registered in the Sunrise period, and to resolve domain name disputes * Initial registration period from 1 September to 31 October 2009; in this part the registration will be done with the policy first-come, first-served and only for one year with a special set of prices.

.my is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Malaysia. MYNIC is the agency responsible for the domain, and is under the Ministry of Communications and Multimedia (KKMM) and regulated by the Malaysian Communication and Multimedia Commission (MCMC). MYNIC administers the name space for the .my, .com.my, .org.my, .net.my, .edu.my, .gov.my, .mil.my, .name.my top level domain (TLD). This involves the registration of domain names as well as the maintenance and operation of a domain name registry (a central database for .my domain names).

.mz is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Mozambique. Registrations are at the third level beneath the second-level names co.mz, net.mz, adv.mz, mil.mz, org.mz, ac.mz, gov.mz and edu.mz.

The domain .nato was a top-level domain (TLD) in the Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet. The domain was added in 1990 by the Network Information Center for use by NATO, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, based on the rationale that none of the then-existing top-level domains adequately reflected its status as an international organization. Soon after this addition, however, Paul Mockapetris, the designer of the DNS, suggested to NATO representatives that nato.int would be a better choice. The TLD .int was created for the use of international organizations, and NATO switched to using nato.int. Without use, the TLD .nato was removed in July 1996.

.ni is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Nicaragua.

.nl is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Netherlands. It is one of the most popular ccTLDs with over six million registered .nl domains as of 29 September 2020. When cwi.nl was registered by Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica on 1986-05-01, .nl became the first active ccTLD outside the United States.

.no is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Norway. Norid, the domain name registry, is based in Trondheim, is owned by the state-owned Uninett and operates under supervision of the Norwegian Post and Telecommunications Authority. As of May 10, 2013 there were 583,962 registered .no-domains. Organizations with a presence in Norway and registration at the Br??nn??ysund Register Centre are limited to 100 domains each. Individuals residing in Norway may register in the second-level domain priv.no and, as of June 17, 2014, directly under .no. Other second-level domains exist for organizations of certain types, such as municipalities and schools. The strict regulations have resulted in near-absence of cybersquatting and warehousing.

.np is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Nepal. It is administered by Mercantile Communication Pvt Ltd.

.nr is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Nauru. Domains must be paid, and can be ordered from CenpacNet, Nauru's Internet service provider. The original configuration of the .nr TLD domain was performed by Shaun Moran of ComTech Communications (Australia) in 1998 as part of the first Internet connectivity on the Island. There was a lengthy process with IANA to get the .nr domain approved and assigned at the time. The setup of .nr was done in 2002 by Franck Martin using specific custom code.

.nu is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) assigned to the island state of Niue. It was one of the first ccTLDs to be marketed to the Internet at large as an alternative to the gTLDs .com, .net, and .org. Playing on the phonetic similarity between nu and new in English, and the fact that nu means "now" in several northern European languages, it was promoted as a new TLD with an abundance of good domain names available. The .nu domain is now controlled by the Internet Foundation in Sweden amid opposition from the government of Niue.

.nz is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for New Zealand. It is administered by InternetNZ, with oversight and dispute resolution handled by the Domain Name Commission Limited (DNCL). Registrations are processed via authorised registrars. As of August 2022 there were 747,865 registered .nz domains.

.om is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Oman.

.pa is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Panama, administered by NIC-Panama. Since "PA" is also the postal code for the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and the Brazilian state of Par??, it has had occasional use under that meaning, but this has not become widespread.

.pe is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Peru. It is managed by the company Red Cient??fica Peruana (RCP).

.pg is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Papua New Guinea. Registrations are made beneath the second-level names .com.pg, .net.pg, .ac.pg, .gov.pg, .mil.pg, and .org.pg. The dispute resolution policy is similar to that of Network Solutions prior to the institution of the UDRP in 2000; a trademark owner can object to a domain registration and this will result in the domain being placed on hold unless the registrant can also demonstrate trademark rights (and post bond to indemnify the registry), or else get a court ruling in their favor.

.ph is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Philippines. The official domain registry of the .ph domain is dotPH Domains Inc. dotPH holds and maintains the database of PH domain names, specifically .ph, .com.ph, .net.ph, and .org.ph. Its domain name registrars are not only individuals, businesses, and organizations in the Philippines, but also those in other parts of the world.

.pk is the designated Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Pakistan. PKNIC is the only organization endorsed by the Government of Pakistan to undertake the administration of 'pk' domain names. PKNIC is a non-profit making, non-statutory, member-based corporation established in June 1992.

.pl is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Poland, administered by NASK, the Polish research and development organization. It is one of the founding members of CENTR.

.ps is the Internet country code top-level domain ccTLD officially assigned to the State of Palestine.It is administered by the Palestinian National Internet Naming Authority. Registrations are processed by certified registrars. The Internationalized country code top-level domain for the State of Palestine is .????????????, which is represented as .xn--ygbi2ammx in Punycode. On 6 February 2013 the ISO 3166-1 code for the State of Palestine changed to reflect the PS used for the ccTLD.

.pt is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Portugal and is managed by Associa????o DNS.PT.It has the following second-level domains: * .com.pt: no restrictions; online registration * .edu.pt: education * .gov.pt: Government of Portugal * .int.pt: international organizations or diplomatic missions in Portugal * .net.pt: telecommunications providers * .nome.pt: individuals (nome is Portuguese for name) * .org.pt: Non-profit organizations * .publ.pt: publications (e.g. newspapers)

.pw is the country code top-level domain for the Republic of Palau.

.py is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Paraguay.

.qa is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Qatar.

The .quebec domain is a new GeoTLD and that was proposed to ICANN's New gTLD Program by , a non-profit organisation. The organisation aims to improve the businesses, culture, tourism, and online identity of Quebec and the Canadians through the .quebec TLD. According to the PointQu??bec organisation, .quebec will allow all Quebecers to register their domain names under .quebec. Michel Philibert, a spokesman for PointQuebec, stated ???We have our own culture, and we have our own way of doing things, and we want to also affirm our presence on the web???

.ro is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Romania. It is administered by the . As of December 2007, about 250,000 domains were registered under the .ro domain. In June 2008 there were around 6.8 million Google results for the .ro domain. In June 2012, there were 732,867 .ro domain names, while in September 2017, there were 928,357.

.rs is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Serbia. The domain name registry that operates it is the Serbian National Internet Domain Registry (RNIDS). The letters rs stand for Republika Srbija/?????????????????? ???????????? (Republic of Serbia). It is intended to be used with few restrictions, and it is widely used in Serbia. Because of English words ending with the letters "rs", this domain is also used in the construction of domain hacks,and websites related to the Rust programming language, in which source code files typically end in .rs.

.ru is the Latin alphabet Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Russia introduced on 7 April 1994. The Russian alphabet internationalized country code is .????. Control of .ru is assigned to the Coordination Center for TLD RU (CC for TLD RU), the current official registry. On 1 January 2005, the former registry, the Russian Institute for Public Networks (RIPN), stopped new registrations directly under .ru, but still carried out registry operations for domain names under the second-level domains .com.ru, .net.ru, .org.ru and .pp.ru.

.rw is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Rwanda.

.sa is the Latin alphabet Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) of Saudi Arabia. Domains of this type can be registered through SaudiNIC, a department of the Communications and Information Technology Commission. The Arabic alphabet ccTLD of Saudi Arabia is ????????????????.

.sb is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Solomon Islands. It is administered through the Council of Country Code Administrators.

.sc is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Seychelles. The TLD was marketed to businesses in Scotland and the U.S. state of South Carolina, however, the domains are subject to Seychelles registry rules. While SCregistrars, a company who marketed .sc domains to a target audience of Scottish sites, has since closed down the .sc extension remains available through the Afilias Global platform via various well-known registrars internationally for direct registration at second-level.

???? ????????????????.sd is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Sudan.

.se, formerly branded as .SE, is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Sweden. The top domain is operated by The Internet Foundation in Sweden (Internetstiftelsen i Sverige) but domains must be registered through one of the approved registrars. The Internet Foundation in Sweden is managed on the basis of its charter of foundation and its statutes. The Foundation is managed by a Board of Directors, whose decisions are executed by the executive management.

.sg is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Singapore. It was first registered in September 1988. It is administered by the Singapore Network Information Centre. Registrations are processed via accredited registrars. In 2011, two new internationalized country code top-level domains were registered for Singapore, intended for domain names in the local languages. These domains are .????????? (encoded as .xn???yfro4i67o) and .????????????????????????????????? (encoded as .xn???clchc0ea0b2g2a9gcd).

.si is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Slovenia. It is administered by the ARNES, the Academic and Research Network of Slovenia. In 2010, the registry hosted 80,000 domain names. In 2012, that number increased to 100,000.

.sk is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Slovakia. It is administered by SK-NIC, a. s., is the administrator of the top-level domain .sk. It has been recognised since the mid-1990s by the manager of the DNS root zone, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority, as the delegated manager of .SK (changing its name from EUNET Slovakia to EuroWeb Slovakia in 1999 and to SK-NIC in 2006). All staff and technology used by SK-NIC, a.s., is situated in Slovakia, where it advertises 100% of DNS availability rate. Before the split in 1993, the former Czechoslovakia used the domain .cs.

.sl is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Sierra Leone.

.sm is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for San Marino. The domain is occasionally used as a domain hack for sites ending in the -ism suffix.

.sn is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Senegal. The following 2nd level domains are available for third-level domain name registration: * art.sn * com.sn * edu.sn * gouv.sn * org.sn * perso.sn * univ.sn

.so is the internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Somalia. After a long absence, the .so domain was officially relaunched on November 1, 2010, by .SO Registry, which is regulated by the nation's Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications. It was launched through various accredited registrars around the world. On 11 July 2013 the ISO 3166-1 code for Somalia changed to reflect the SO used for the ccTLD.

.sr is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Suriname. This top-level domain is operated by Telesur, the local telecom company. It is considered to be a generic top-level domain by Google.

.ss is the designated country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for South Sudan in the Domain Name System of the Internet. It is derived from the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code for South Sudan, which is SS. According to CIO East Africa, the TLD was allocated on 10 August 2011 following the country's declaration of independence from Sudan. The TLD was registered on 31 August 2011, but not added to the DNS root zone and was thus not operational. It was approved at the ICANN Board meeting on 27 January 2019 and was added to the DNS root zone on 2 February 2019.

.st is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for S??o Tom?? and Pr??ncipe. The code is marketed worldwide as an abbreviation for various entities.

.su is an Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) that was designated for the Soviet Union (USSR) on 19 September 1990. Even though the Soviet Union itself was dissolved a mere 15 months later, the .su top-level domain remains in use today with over 100,000 .su domains as of February 2022. It is administered by the Russian Institute for Public Networks (RIPN, or RosNIIROS in Russian transcription). The .su TLD is known for usage by cybercriminals and right-wing extremist organizations.

.sv is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for El Salvador. Microsoft's Internet Explorer 6 has a bug in its Swedish version where .sv is used instead of .se when typing ctrl+return for appending the suffix.

.swiss is a top-level domain (TLD) for Switzerland. It was approved by ICANN as a TLD on 16 Oct 2014. This is meant to supplement the traditional .ch TLD. The Federal Office of Communications (OFCOM) began registering .swiss domains as of 7 September 2015. Open registration to other legal entities begins from 11 January 2016.

.sx is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) in the Domain Name System of the Internet for Sint Maarten. Sint Maarten became an autonomous country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands on October 10, 2010. On December 15, 2010, the ISO 3166 Maintenance Agency allocated SX as the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code for Sint Maarten, as other possible combinations such as .sm, .ma, and .mt had already been allocated. The sx top-level domain is run on the CIRA Fury Registry Platform. Registrars of sx domains must be accredited by the registry.

.sy is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Syria. The registry is operated by the National Agency for Network Services. It took over from the Syrian Telecommunications Establishment in 2011.

.sz is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Eswatini. The is responsible for assigning .SZ domain names. The two-letter abbreviation refers to Swaziland, the country's former name from 1968 to 2018.

.th is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Thailand. It is administered by T.H.NIC Co., Ltd. (THNIC), the corporate entity of Thai Network Information Center Foundation.

.tj is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Tajikistan. Registrations are processed via accredited registrars.

.tl is the current country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for East Timor (Timor-Leste). It is administered through the Council of Country Code Administrators and second-level registration is available through resellers worldwide with no local presence requirement. .tl complies with the ISO 3166-1 standard for the two-letter codes of the name of countries, and can be used as an abbreviation in either of the country's two official languages: Timor Lorosa'e in Tetum or Timor-Leste in Portuguese.

.tm is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Turkmenistan. It is operated by Internet Computer Bureau. Nic.tm offers domain name purchase, registration, management and renewal as well as Internationalized Domain Name registration for entities who wish to register their domain names using local Turkmen language characters. It has been marketed as a domain for businesses with trademarks, due to the common use of "TM" in this context.

.to is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) of the island kingdom of Tonga. The government of Tonga sells domains in its ccTLD to any interested party. The .to ccTLD is administered by the Tonga Network Information Center (Tonic).

.tr is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Turkey. It is administered by trAB??S (under the Information and Communication Technologies Authority of Turkey) and managed by the Computer Center DNS Group of the ICT Authority. The domain was formerly administered by NIC.tr and managed by the Turkey Internet Society (the local chapter of ISOC) until September 2022. .nc.tr and .ct.tr are used as second-level domains for the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, which is a self declared state and not recognised by the United Nations, and as such has no country code assigned.

.tt is the internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) in the Domain Name System of the Internet for Trinidad and Tobago. The Trinidad and Tobago Network Information Centre (TTNIC) allows registrations under tt for second-level domains, and for third-level domains under the following domains: co.tt, com.tt, org.tt, net.tt, biz.tt, info.tt, pro.tt, int.tt, coop.tt, jobs.tt, mobi.tt, travel.tt, museum.tt, aero.tt, tel.tt and name.tt. Registration under the above domains is unrestricted and the registry does not require applicants to have a physical presence in Trinidad and Tobago. However, registrants with a foreign address are charged double.

The domain name .tv is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Tuvalu. Except for reserved names like com.tv, net.tv, org.tv and others, any person may register second-level domains in TV. The domain name is popular, and thus economically valuable, because it is an abbreviation of the word television. In 1998 the Tuvalu government sought to capitalize on the .tv suffix being similar to "television". In 2010, nearly 10% of the revenue of the Government of Tuvalu came from royalties from .tv addresses.

.tw is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Taiwan. The domain name is based on the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code TW. The registry is maintained by the (TWNIC), a Taiwanese non-profit organization appointed by the National Communications Commission (NCC) and the Ministry of Transportation and Communication. Since 1 March 2001, TWNIC has stopped allowing itself to sign up new domain names directly, instead allowing new registration through its contracted reseller registrars.

.tz is the Internet country code top-level domain for Tanzania. Historically and due to poor Internet Infrastructure, most top level domains in Africa were and some are still being technically managed by foreign experts. Through a consultative process, Tanzania Network information Centre (tzNIC), a not-for-profit company was established and registered (in 2006) to administer and manage the operations of the Tanzania country code top level domain. tzNIC is a limited company (by guarantee) with two founding members ??? the Tanzania Communication Regulatory Authority (the regulator) and the Tanzania Internet Service Provider Association.

.ua is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Ukraine. To register at the second-level (example) domainname.ua, possession of the exact trademark (matching the domain name) is required. It is not required for third-level domains (.com.ua, .net.ua, etc.).

.ug is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Uganda.

.uk is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the United Kingdom. It was first registered in July 1985, seven months after the original generic top-level domains such as .com and the first country code after .us. As of April 2021, it is the fifth most popular top-level domain worldwide (after .com, .cn, .de and .net), with over 10 million registrations. .uk has used OpenDNSSEC since March 2010.

.us is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the United States. It was established in early 1985. Registrants of .us domains must be U.S. citizens, residents, or organizations, or a foreign entity with a presence in the United States. Most registrants in the U.S. have registered for .com, .net, .org and other gTLDs, instead of .us, which has primarily been used by state and local governments, even though private entities may also register .us domains.

.uy is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Uruguay. Domain names can be registered at second-level or at third-level. As of 11 June 2012, second level .uy registrations are possible.

.uz is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Uzbekistan. Registry services were formerly operated by Euracom GmBH, but were later redelegated to UZINFOCOM. Registrations are taken directly at the second level, but the former registry also advertised the availability of registrations at the third level beneath co.uz and com.uz, and some domain names under other second-level names such as org.uz also exist. In Latvia, .uz is used as short-link address ??? ej.uz, which means "go to". .uz has an A record and had a HTTP server since at least 1997.

.va is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Vatican City State. It is administered by the Vatican Internet Service.

.vc is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Registration is open worldwide, and it has been used for a variety of sites not necessarily related to that location; it can also be seen as standing for "Venture Capital", "Ventura County", "Version Control", "Video Conferencing", or other things, like an informal, but common, abbreviation of "voc??" (lit.???'you', in Portuguese). In this way, ".com.vc" could be understood in Portuguese like ".with.you" would be in English. .vc is sometimes mistaken for being the ccTLD of the Vatican City State, which is .va.

.ve is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Venezuela. On 3 March 2009 the ISO 3166-1 code for Venezuela changed to reflect the VE used for the ccTLD. Registrations are allowed without restrictions, only at the third level: * .arts.ve - artistic and cultural institution * .co.ve - a website originally ".com" ported to Venezuelan Spanish * .com.ve - Venezuelan commercial entity * .info.ve - informational sites * .net.ve - network service providers * .org.ve - non-profit organizations * .radio.ve - radio stations * .web.ve - individuals

.vn is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Vietnam. The domain name registry for .vn is the Vietnam Internet Network Information Center (VNNIC).In 2003, the company Dot VN, Inc. signed an agreement with the VNNIC allowing it to market the .vn domain name abroad. Nowadays, a .vn domain name can be registered from all over the world via a worldwide .vn accredited registrar system. The number of national domain name ".vn" surpassed 500,000 domains, ranked first in Southeast Asia & ASEAN and ranked TOP 10 in the Asia-Pacific region in terms of number of domain names maintained in use.

.vu is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Vanuatu. Initially delegated to Telecom Vanuatu Ltd, it was redelegated to the Telecommunications Radiocommunications and Broadcasting Regulator in 2019. While .vu domains were initially given away for free to any person requesting one, they are now being sold commercially as is common practice for other top-level domains.

.ws is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Samoa. It is administered by SamoaNIC, for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Government of Samoa. The .ws domain is an abbreviation for "Western Samoa", which was the nation's official name in the 1970s when two-letter country codes were standardized. Although there are no geographic restrictions on registration of most second-level .ws domains, .org.ws, .gov.ws, and .edu.ws registration is restricted. Prior to March 14, 2008, .ws domains were not allowed to be transferred from one domain registrar to another.

.ye is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for the Republic of Yemen.

The 5G Automotive Association (5GAA) is a corporate coalition to develop and promote standardized protocols for automotive vehicles utilizing 5G communications. It serves as a lobbying group for the European Union on behalf of its membership. Their interests are government investments in the widespread deployment of short-range 5G wireless technology dubbed Cellular V2X.

ABCANZ Armies (formally, the American, British, Canadian, Australian and New Zealand Armies' Program) is a program aimed at optimizing interoperability and standardization of training and equipment between the armies of Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States, plus the United States Marine Corps and the Royal Marines. Established in 1947 as a means to capitalize on close cooperation between the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada during World War II, the program grew to include Australia (in 1963) and New Zealand (as an observer from 1965, with full membership in 2006, although the organization's short title remained "ABCA Armies' Program").

The AEX index, derived from Amsterdam Exchange index, is a stock market index composed of Dutch companies that trade on Euronext Amsterdam, formerly known as the Amsterdam Stock Exchange. Started in 1983, the index is composed of a maximum of 25 of the most frequently traded securities on the exchange. It is one of the main national indices of the stock exchange group Euronext alongside Euronext Brussels' BEL20, Euronext Dublin's ISEQ 20, Euronext Lisbon's PSI-20, the Oslo Bors OBX Index, and Euronext Paris's CAC 40.

ALBA or ALBA???TCP, formally the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America (Spanish: Alianza Bolivariana para los Pueblos de Nuestra Am??rica) or the Bolivarian Alliance for the Peoples of Our America ??? Peoples' Trade Treaty (Spanish: Alianza Bolivariana para los Pueblos de Nuestra Am??rica ??? Tratado de Comercio de los Pueblos), is an intergovernmental organization based on the idea of political and economic integration of Latin American and Caribbean countries. The name initially contained "Alternative" instead of "Alliance", but was changed on 24 June 2009.

The AMX index, derived from Amsterdam Midkap Index, also known as Midkap index or simply Midkap, is a stock market index composed of Dutch companies that trade on Euronext Amsterdam, formerly known as the Amsterdam Stock Exchange. The index was started in 1995. It is composed of the 25 funds that trade on the exchange and that rank 26-50 in size. The funds that rank 1-25 in size are represented in the AEX index.

ANZUK was a tripartite force formed by Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom to defend the Asian Pacific region after the United Kingdom withdrew forces from the east of Suez in the early 1970s. The ANZUK force was formed in Singapore on 1 November 1971 under Rear Admiral David Wells and disbanded on 31 January 1974.

The Australia, New Zealand, United States Security Treaty (ANZUS or ANZUS Treaty) is a 1951 non-binding collective security agreement between Australia and New Zealand and, separately, Australia and the United States, to co-operate on military matters in the Pacific Ocean region, although today the treaty is taken to relate to conflicts worldwide. It provides that an armed attack on any of the three parties would be dangerous to the others, and that each should act to meet the common threat. It set up a committee of foreign ministers that can meet for consultation.

ASEAN (UK: /????si??n/ ASS-ee-an, US: /??????si????n, ??????zi-/ AH-see-ahn, AH-zee-an), officially the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, is a political and economic union of 10 member states in Southeast Asia, which promotes intergovernmental cooperation and facilitates economic, political, security, military, educational, and sociocultural integration between its members and countries in the Asia-Pacific. The union has a total area of 4,522,518 km2 (1,746,154 sq mi) and an estimated total population of about 668 million.

The AScX index, derived from Amsterdam Small Cap Index, also known as Small Cap index or simply Small Cap, is a stock market index composed of Dutch companies that trade on Euronext Amsterdam, formerly known as the Amsterdam Stock Exchange. The index was started in 2005. It is composed of the 25 funds that trade on the exchange and that rank 51???75 in size. The funds that rank 1???25 in size are represented in the AEX index and the funds that rank 26???50 in size are represented in the AMX index. The composition is reviewed twice a year.

The ATP Finals is the season-ending championship of the ATP Tour. It is the most significant event in the annual ATP calendar after the four majors as it features the top-eight singles players and top-eight doubles teams based on their results throughout the season. The eighth spot is reserved, if needed, for a player or team who won a major in the current year and are ranked from 8th???20th. The tournament is sometimes referred to as a "fifth Grand Slam," due to the prestige that comes with qualifying for and winning the event.

AUKUS (/??????k??s/, AW-k??s) is a trilateral security pact between Australia, the United Kingdom, and the United States, announced on 15 September 2021 for the Indo-Pacific region. Under the pact, the US and the UK will help Australia to acquire nuclear-powered submarines.

AUSCANNZUKUS is an abbreviation for the naval Command, Control, Communications and Computers (C4) interoperability organization involving the Anglosphere nations of Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It is also used as security caveat in the UKUSA Community, where it is also known as "Five Eyes."

Aachen (/??????x??n/ AH-kh??n; German: [??a??xn??]; Aachen dialect: Oche [??????x??]; French and traditional English: Aix-la-Chapelle;; Polish: Akwizgran) is, with around 249,000 inhabitants, the 13th-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia, and the 28th-largest city of Germany. Aachen developed from a Roman settlement and thermae (bath complex), subsequently becoming the preferred medieval Imperial residence of Emperor Charlemagne of the Frankish Empire, and, from 936 to 1531, the place where 31 Holy Roman Emperors were crowned Kings of the Germans.

Aalborg (/??????lb????r??/, US also /??????l-, ??????lb????r/, Danish: [????l??p????]) is Denmark's fourth largest town (behind Copenhagen, Aarhus, and Odense) with a population of 119,862 (1 July 2022) in the town proper and an urban population of 143,598 (1 July 2022). As of 1 July 2022, the Municipality of Aalborg had a population of 221,082, making it the third most populous in the country after the municipalities of Copenhagen and Aarhus. Eurostat and OECD have used a definition for the Metropolitan area of Aalborg (referred to as a Functional urban area), which includes all municipalities in the Province (Danish: landsdel) of North Jutland (Danish: Nordjylland), with a total population of 594,323 as of 1 July 2022.